The process starts when a pathogen enters the body and triggers an immune response. The immune system identifies the invader as foreign and generates specific proteins called antibodies that bind to and neutralize the pathogen. Additionally, immune cells such as T-cells are activated and work to destroy infected cells.
If the same pathogen enters the body again in the future, the immune system will quickly recognize it due to memory cells that were created during the initial exposure. This allows the immune system to respond faster and more effectively, leading to a quicker resolution of the infection. This is why people who have had certain diseases, such as chickenpox, are generally immune to those diseases for life.
